The role of the trans-Golgi network in varicella zoster virus biology.

The task of assembling nascent virions presents a formidable challenge to large, enveloped DNA viruses such as varicella zoster virus (VZV). After parasitising the host cell's compartmentalised biosynthetic machinery, viral constituents must be brought together in appropriate proportions for packaging and export. Recent evidence places the trans-Golgi network (TGN) in an orchestrating role with respect to the assembly, envelopment and egress of herpesviruses. This role accords with known functions of the TGN in the uninfected cell. The targeting of viral glycoproteins to the TGN appears to provide a crucial platform for viral assembly. Tegument proteins, interacting with the cytoplasmic domains of glycoproteins, in turn recruit nucleocapsids to the developing supramolecular array. Molecular studies are continually refining understanding of these processes, building upon elegant electron microscopic data. Knowledge of VZV's use of endogenous trafficking pathways from the TGN sheds light on important aspects of viral behaviour in vitro and in vivo.