Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for malignant disease.

Malignant tumours of the adrenal gland are uncommon but are associated with substantial mortality. For most tumours resection is the only opportunity for cure. Advances in diagnostic and surgical techniques have improved the detection and treatment of these tumours. Further advances need new ways to make decisions about the use of laparoscopic resection for malignant, or potentially malignant, adrenal tumours. We review studies on the outcome of laparoscopic adrenalectomy for primary adrenal cancer as well as studies on metastatic disease to the adrenal glands. There are few prospective data because of the rarity of this condition. Careful individual judgment by the surgeon remains the cornerstone of safe and complete resection for adrenal malignant disease.