Intravascular catheter-related infections. Strategies for combating this common foe.

The introduction and subsequent widespread use of intravenous catheters have presented physicians a double-edged sword. Although safe and stable vascular access has become essential to modern medical practice, bloodstream infection involving these catheters (particularly central venous catheters [CVCs]) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. In this comprehensive review, the author discusses the most common sources of catheter-related infections, current diagnostic and treatment methods, and graded evidence-based recommendations for prevention of these infections.