Understanding and resolving adherence problems.

The expert panel report version 2 (EPR-2) is a comprehensive set of recommendations for the evaluation and treatment of asthma. However, physicians demonstrate scant adoption of many of the key evaluation and treatment components of the EPR-2, with primary care physicians being less likely to adopt EPR-2 recommendations than specialist physicians. Patients also demonstrate very limited adoption of physician recommendations, such as the use of medications as prescribed. Predictors of physician and patient nonadherence are reviewed, as modifiable predictors may be targets for interventions to enhance adherence. Finally, areas for future efforts are identified.