Horseshoe kidney transplantation.

Even though the number of patients awaiting renal transplant is rapidly increasing, the donor pool remains relatively stable. In an attempt to increase this pool, marginal kidneys and kidneys with congenital anatomical variations are being used. Horseshoe kidneys, being the most common renal fusion anomaly, can provide a useful solution to the ever-increasing gap between demand and supply. These kidneys have been successfully transplanted en bloc into a single recipient or, alternatively they have been divided and transplanted into 2 recipients. We report a case of the successful transplantation of an en bloc horseshoe kidney into a single recipient. To the best of our knowledge this is the first of its kind in the U.K. The relevant literature is also reviewed with the aim of raising awareness about the necessity and promising outcomes of such transplants.