Long-term outcome for people with severe intellectual disabilities: impact of social impairment.

Results from a 25-year follow-up study of the Camberwell Cohort (L. Wing & Gould, 1978, 1979) were presented. Ninety-one people, ranging in age from 27 to 41 years, were traced, and an outcome measure was developed incorporating independent functioning, residential placement, employment, and quality of life. Outcome was rated as either poor (53%) or fair (43%), with only 3% having a good outcome. Using logistic regression methods, we found that the best predictor of outcome was social impairment, with those who were socially impaired, particularly those in the aloof category, having a poorer outcome. Higher IQ at Time 1 and lower challenging behavior were also predictive of better outcome. An in-depth look at social impairment revealed that social impairment remained stable over time.