[Usefulness of selected serum cytokines for monitoring compliance with a gluten-free diet in celiac patients].

UNLABELLED: In celiac disease in response to gluten, the immune reaction develops both in the small intestine and in cells of peripheral blood. The profile of cytokines produced by the cells differs between patients in compliance and not, with regard to gluten-free diet. THE AIM: The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of serum profile determination for chosen cytokines in monitoring of gluten-free diet in celiac patients.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The investigation comprised a group of 110 patients with celiac disease, who were divided into two groups: with active form of celiac disease (EmA(+), n=56) and with a non-active form of the disease (EmA (-), n = 54). The chosen cytokine IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-IO and IFN-y levels were determined in patients and soluble receptor For IL-2 (sIL-2R). For determination of the selected cytokines, brand sets of ELISA microplates (Bender Med. Systems) were used according to recommendations of the producer. The obtained results were analysed with statistical methods.
RESULTS: Comparison of mean values of chosen cytokines levels in particular groups showed, that in case of sIL-2R and IL-6, they were significantly statistically higher in the group of patients complying to gluten-free diet. Statistical analysis revealed negative correlation between sIL-2R levels and the length of diet compliance in patients with non-active celiac disease and positive correlation between concentrations of sIL-2R and the titre of endomysial antibodies in the group of patients with active form of the disease.
CONCLUSIONS: The determination of sIL-2R levels in serum together with endomysial antibodies assessment can be used as a method for monitoring the compliance to gluten-free diet in patients with celiac disease.