Computerized versus paper-and-pencil testing methods for a nursing certification examination: a review of the literature.

In conjunction with the decision of the Oncology Nursing Certification Corporation (ONCC) to computerize its examinations, the literature was reviewed to identify comparative studies of computerized versus paper-and-pencil testing methods and to determine the relative advantages of each. Data sources included journal articles and newsletter features identified via the ERIC, CINAHL, and PubMed databases or through frequent citation in the literature. The majority of studies found test scores to be independent of delivery mode. Several advantages of computerized testing were identified, including scheduling convenience, instant scoring capability, and enhanced security. One disadvantage may be an increase in testing anxiety for those without previous experience, although results in this area were mixed. Finally, studies and surveys often indicate an acceptance and preference for linear computer-based testing (CBT) by examinees.