T L Lakwo1. 1. Simulium Vector Elimination Project, Onchocerciasis Control Programme, Vector Control Division, Ministry of Health, P. O. Box 1661, Kampala, Uganda.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the biting activity and onchocerciasis transmission in Kashoya-Kitomi focus, Western Uganda. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey in randomly selected sites. SETTING: Three districts in Western Uganda. METHOD: Crab trapping and examination for immature stages of Simulium neavei and full day human bait catches and dissections were conducted at three sites. RESULTS: A total of 338 crabs were caught and out of this 372 (95.9%) were positive with immature stages of S. neavei with mean S. neavei/crab of 6.9. High biting density of S. neavei was observed in the two sites in Kabarole and Mbarara districts whereas an extremely low density was observed at a site in Bushenyi. Diurnal biting pattern revealed two peaks in the morning (09:00-10:00 hours.) and in the late afternoon (14:00-15:00 hours.) with a mid-day lull. The infection/infective rates were 53.3/11.0%, 30.7% to 7.8% and 20.0/0% for sites in Mbarara, Kabarole and Bushenyi districts, respectively. Monthly biting rates/ Transmission potentials for Mbarara, Kabarole and Bushenyi districts were 6231/5437, 9244/2916 and 247/0. CONCLUSION: There was high transmission of onchocerciasis observed in Kashoya-Kitomi focus despite the ongoing ivermectin treatment. The need for improved chemotherapeutic coverage and instituting other control measures may be necessary.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the biting activity and onchocerciasis transmission in Kashoya-Kitomi focus, Western Uganda. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey in randomly selected sites. SETTING: Three districts in Western Uganda. METHOD: Crab trapping and examination for immature stages of Simulium neavei and full day human bait catches and dissections were conducted at three sites. RESULTS: A total of 338 crabs were caught and out of this 372 (95.9%) were positive with immature stages of S. neavei with mean S. neavei/crab of 6.9. High biting density of S. neavei was observed in the two sites in Kabarole and Mbarara districts whereas an extremely low density was observed at a site in Bushenyi. Diurnal biting pattern revealed two peaks in the morning (09:00-10:00 hours.) and in the late afternoon (14:00-15:00 hours.) with a mid-day lull. The infection/infective rates were 53.3/11.0%, 30.7% to 7.8% and 20.0/0% for sites in Mbarara, Kabarole and Bushenyi districts, respectively. Monthly biting rates/ Transmission potentials for Mbarara, Kabarole and Bushenyi districts were 6231/5437, 9244/2916 and 247/0. CONCLUSION: There was high transmission of onchocerciasis observed in Kashoya-Kitomi focus despite the ongoing ivermectin treatment. The need for improved chemotherapeutic coverage and instituting other control measures may be necessary.
Authors: David Oguttu; Edson Byamukama; Charles R Katholi; Peace Habomugisha; Christine Nahabwe; Monica Ngabirano; Hassan K Hassan; Thomson Lakwo; Moses Katabarwa; Frank O Richards; Thomas R Unnasch Journal: Am J Trop Med Hyg Date: 2013-12-16 Impact factor: 2.345
Authors: Stephen R Doyle; Catherine Bourguinat; Hugues C Nana-Djeunga; Jonas A Kengne-Ouafo; Sébastien D S Pion; Jean Bopda; Joseph Kamgno; Samuel Wanji; Hua Che; Annette C Kuesel; Martin Walker; Maria-Gloria Basáñez; Daniel A Boakye; Mike Y Osei-Atweneboana; Michel Boussinesq; Roger K Prichard; Warwick N Grant Journal: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Date: 2017-07-26
Authors: Moses N Katabarwa; James Katamanywa; Thomson Lakwo; Peace Habomugisha; Edson Byamukama; David Oguttu; Christine Nahabwe; Monica Ngabirano; Ephraim Tukesiga; Annet Khainza; Edridah Tukahebwa; Thomas R Unnasch; Frank O Richards; Rolf Garms Journal: Am J Trop Med Hyg Date: 2016-05-23 Impact factor: 2.345