Polymorphisms in the P-selectin (CD62P) and P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) genes and coronary heart disease.

P-selectin and its ligand, PSGL-1, are cell adhesion molecules that facilitate interaction of platelets, leukocytes and endothelial cells. Polymorphisms of these genes have been reported to be associated with coronary heart disease (CHD). In the present study, we characterized the entire coding regions of P-selectin and PSGL-1 genes in CHD patients and healthy controls. The 17 exons of the P-selectin gene and exon 2 of the PSGL-1 gene were screened for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by exon re-sequencing in 88 CHD patients and 96 controls. For rapid genotyping of the SNPs we developed PCR techniques with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP). By using PCR-SSPs we genotyped 261 CHD patients and 214 controls for 5 SNPs in P-selectin and 2 SNPs in PSGL-1. In addition to the already described SNPs in P-selectin (S290N, N562D, V599L and T715P), we identified a novel SNP in exon 5 (V168M). The P-selectin 715P allele was more frequent among CHD patients with hypercholesterolemia compared to patients with normal cholesterol levels. A SNP (M621) in the PSGL-1 gene was found close to the P-selectin binding site and the 621 allele revealed a higher prevalence in the control group indicating a protective effect of the mutation. The molecular characterization of P-selectin and PSGL-1 in a case-control study including CHD patients and healthy controls revealed evidence for association of the genes with development of the disease. However, the functional role of the gene variants should be elucidated by further experimental data.