Incorporation of functionalized single-wall carbon nanotubes in dye-sensitized TiO2 solar cells.

Effects of incorporation of acid-treated single-wall carbon nanotubes (a-SWCNs) in TiO(2) film and of anchorage of dye-linked, a-SWCNs (hereafter dye-SWCNs) to the TiO(2)/electrolyte interface on photocurrent-voltage characteristics of dye-sensitized solar cells were studied. Compared with an unmodified cell, the modified cell with the a-SWCNs in TiO(2) film showed a 25% increase in short-circuit photocurrent (J(sc)). The J(sc) increase is correlated with improved connectivity between the a-SWCNs and the TiO(2) particles and with enhanced light scattering by TiO(2) clusters formed in the presence of the a-SWCNs. In the case of anchoring dye-SWCNs to the TiO(2)/electrolyte interface, the open-circuit voltage (V(oc)) increased by as much as 0.1 V, possibly due to the basicity of the TiO(2) surface from NH groups of ethylenediamine moieties of the anchored dye-SWCNs.