A diruthenium-substituted polyoxometalate as an electrocatalyst for oxygen generation.

Transition metal heteropolyanions have been used to catalyze a variety of organic oxidations but have not previously been used for O2 generation, despite sharing some structural similarities with dioxoruthenium water-oxidation catalysts. In this study, we report that the di-Ru-substituted polyoxometalate (POM) [Ru2Zn2(H2O)2(ZnW9O34)2]14- can be used to catalyze the electrochemical generation of O2. By comparing the behavior of this compound to that observed using a mono-Ru-substituted POM catalyst, we show that adjacent Ru sites are necessary to observe O2 generation. These observations suggest a reaction pathway involving two Ru-bound oxygen species combining to form O2 and are consistent with the accepted mechanism of electrochemical oxygen evolution. Finally, analysis of the observed electrode kinetics yields a Tafel slope of roughly 120 mV, which is similar to values reported previously for perovskite anodes.