BACKGROUND: Several autoimmune disorders are complicated by excess cardiovascular disease. In addition to traditional risk factors, non-traditional risk factors such as endothelial activation and excessive vascular remodelling might be determinants of the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with an autoimmune disease. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether patients with Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) have an increased prevalence of atherosclerosis and to determine predisposing factors. METHODS: 29 WG patients (19 men; mean (SD) age, 53 (14) years) with inactive disease and 26 controls (16 men; age 53 (15) years) were studied. Common carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) was measured by ultrasound. In all individuals traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease were determined. High sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) was measured. Endothelial activation was assessed by measuring thrombomodulin, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and von Willebrand factor. As a marker of vascular remodelling matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-3 and MMP-9) and TIMP-1 were measured. RESULTS: IMT was increased in WG patients compared with controls (p<0.05). No differences in traditional risk factors and endothelial activation markers between patients and controls were found. Levels of hsCRP, MMPs, and TIMP-1 were increased in WG patients (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Increased IMT found in WG patients cannot be explained by an increased prevalence of traditional risk factors. Although endothelial activation markers in WG patients with inactive disease were not increased, the raised levels of hsCRP, MMPs, and TIMP-1 suggest that enhanced inflammation and excessive vascular remodelling are contributing factors in the development of accelerated atherosclerosis in WG.
BACKGROUND: Several autoimmune disorders are complicated by excess cardiovascular disease. In addition to traditional risk factors, non-traditional risk factors such as endothelial activation and excessive vascular remodelling might be determinants of the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with an autoimmune disease. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether patients with Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) have an increased prevalence of atherosclerosis and to determine predisposing factors. METHODS: 29 WG patients (19 men; mean (SD) age, 53 (14) years) with inactive disease and 26 controls (16 men; age 53 (15) years) were studied. Common carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) was measured by ultrasound. In all individuals traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease were determined. High sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) was measured. Endothelial activation was assessed by measuring thrombomodulin, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and von Willebrand factor. As a marker of vascular remodelling matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-3 and MMP-9) and TIMP-1 were measured. RESULTS: IMT was increased in WG patients compared with controls (p<0.05). No differences in traditional risk factors and endothelial activation markers between patients and controls were found. Levels of hsCRP, MMPs, and TIMP-1 were increased in WG patients (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Increased IMT found in WG patients cannot be explained by an increased prevalence of traditional risk factors. Although endothelial activation markers in WG patients with inactive disease were not increased, the raised levels of hsCRP, MMPs, and TIMP-1 suggest that enhanced inflammation and excessive vascular remodelling are contributing factors in the development of accelerated atherosclerosis in WG.
Authors: L M Van Bortel; F H Vanmolkot; J J van der Heijden-Spek; M Bregu; J A Staessen; A P Hoeks Journal: Ultrasound Med Biol Date: 2001-10 Impact factor: 2.998
Authors: J M Esdaile; M Abrahamowicz; T Grodzicky; Y Li; C Panaritis; R du Berger; R Côte; S A Grover; P R Fortin; A E Clarke; J L Senécal Journal: Arthritis Rheum Date: 2001-10
Authors: J Ara; E Mirapeix; P Arrizabalaga; R Rodriguez; C Ascaso; R Abellana; J Font; A Darnell Journal: Nephrol Dial Transplant Date: 2001-02 Impact factor: 5.992
Authors: A C Muller Kobold; R T van Wijk; C F Franssen; G Molema; C G Kallenberg; J W Tervaert Journal: Clin Exp Rheumatol Date: 1999 Jul-Aug Impact factor: 4.473
Authors: Carlos Gonzalez-Juanatey; Javier Llorca; Ana Testa; Javier Revuelta; Carlos Garcia-Porrua; Miguel A Gonzalez-Gay Journal: Medicine (Baltimore) Date: 2003-11 Impact factor: 1.889
Authors: Paul A Monach; Gunnar Tomasson; Ulrich Specks; John H Stone; David Cuthbertson; Jeffrey Krischer; Linna Ding; Fernando C Fervenza; Barri J Fessler; Gary S Hoffman; David Ikle; Cees G M Kallenberg; Carol A Langford; Mark Mueller; Philip Seo; E William St Clair; Robert Spiera; Nadia Tchao; Steven R Ytterberg; Yi-Zhong Gu; Ronald D Snyder; Peter A Merkel Journal: Arthritis Rheum Date: 2011-12
Authors: Wijtske Annema; Arne Dikkers; Jan Freark de Boer; Robin P F Dullaart; Jan-Stephan F Sanders; Stephan J L Bakker; Uwe J F Tietge Journal: J Am Soc Nephrol Date: 2015-08-28 Impact factor: 10.121
Authors: Emmanuel Ribeiro; Thomas Cressend; Pierre Duffau; Marieke Grenouillet-Delacre; Marie Rouanet-Larivière; Anne Vital; Maïté Longy-Boursier; Patrick Mercié Journal: Case Rep Med Date: 2010-03-14