BACKGROUND: The adverse effects of the antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) originally developed are well known, while those of the newer AEDs remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate clinical, cognitive, and neurophysiologic effects of carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, and levetiracetam in healthy volunteers. METHODS: A double-blind crossover study was conducted in 10 volunteers. Eight-day treatment with carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, levetiracetam, or placebo was administered in random order. Drug doses were titrated gradually to the daily target doses on day 7: carbamazepine 800 mg, oxcarbazepine 1200 mg, and levetiracetam 1500 mg. At baseline and at the end of each treatment period, participants underwent cognitive and neurophysiologic assessment. A washout period of 14 days between treatment periods was conducted. RESULTS: More adverse events were self-reported with carbamazepine (63%) than the other treatments (oxcarbazepine 12%, levetiracetam 20%, placebo 5%; p < 0.001 between the 4 groups). Carbamazepine induced the greatest motor slowing (p = 0.002), followed by oxcarbazepine (p = 0.01). Levetiracetam left baseline motor speed unchanged. All AEDs increased attention span from baseline values as shown on the Stroop test. Quantitative electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis showed that carbamazepine significantly increased the delta-theta power and reduced the frequency of alpha rhythm; oxcarbazepine induced smaller changes than carbamazepine. Levetiracetam did not change any EEG measurements. On color visually evoked potential (VEP) tests, carbamazepine induced a constant slowing of P1 latency, while oxcarbazepine induced changes only after the blue-black pattern. All color VEP measures for volunteers receiving levetiracetam were almost unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: After short-term treatment in healthy volunteers, carbamazepine induced major clinical and neurophysiologic changes. Oxcarbazepine was better tolerated than carbamazepine. Levetiracetam interfered least with clinical and neurophysiologic test results.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: The adverse effects of the antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) originally developed are well known, while those of the newer AEDs remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate clinical, cognitive, and neurophysiologic effects of carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, and levetiracetam in healthy volunteers. METHODS: A double-blind crossover study was conducted in 10 volunteers. Eight-day treatment with carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, levetiracetam, or placebo was administered in random order. Drug doses were titrated gradually to the daily target doses on day 7: carbamazepine 800 mg, oxcarbazepine 1200 mg, and levetiracetam 1500 mg. At baseline and at the end of each treatment period, participants underwent cognitive and neurophysiologic assessment. A washout period of 14 days between treatment periods was conducted. RESULTS: More adverse events were self-reported with carbamazepine (63%) than the other treatments (oxcarbazepine 12%, levetiracetam 20%, placebo 5%; p < 0.001 between the 4 groups). Carbamazepine induced the greatest motor slowing (p = 0.002), followed by oxcarbazepine (p = 0.01). Levetiracetam left baseline motor speed unchanged. All AEDs increased attention span from baseline values as shown on the Stroop test. Quantitative electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis showed that carbamazepine significantly increased the delta-theta power and reduced the frequency of alpha rhythm; oxcarbazepine induced smaller changes than carbamazepine. Levetiracetam did not change any EEG measurements. On color visually evoked potential (VEP) tests, carbamazepine induced a constant slowing of P1 latency, while oxcarbazepine induced changes only after the blue-black pattern. All color VEP measures for volunteers receiving levetiracetam were almost unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: After short-term treatment in healthy volunteers, carbamazepine induced major clinical and neurophysiologic changes. Oxcarbazepine was better tolerated than carbamazepine. Levetiracetam interfered least with clinical and neurophysiologic test results.
Authors: Marjolein de Groot; Linda Douw; Eefje M Sizoo; Ingeborg Bosma; Femke E Froklage; Jan J Heimans; Tjeerd J Postma; Martin Klein; Jaap C Reijneveld Journal: Neuro Oncol Date: 2012-12-11 Impact factor: 12.300
Authors: Guy A Higgins; Nathalie Breysse; Elijus Undzys; D Richard Derksen; Melanie Jeffrey; Brian W Scott; Tao Xin; Corinne Roucard; Karine Bressand; Antoine Depaulis; W M Burnham Journal: Psychopharmacology (Berl) Date: 2009-10-16 Impact factor: 4.530
Authors: Ghaydaa A Shehata; Abd El-aziz M Bateh; Sherifa A Hamed; Tarek A Rageh; Yaser B Elsorogy Journal: Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat Date: 2009-11-02 Impact factor: 2.570
Authors: Julio Cesar Magalhães; Mariana Gongora; Renan Vicente; Juliana Bittencourt; Guaraci Tanaka; Bruna Velasques; Silmar Teixeira; Gledys Morato; Luis F Basile; Oscar Arias-Carrión; Fernando A M S Pompeu; Mauricio Cagy; Pedro Ribeiro Journal: Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci Date: 2015-04-30 Impact factor: 2.582