BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Hypoglycaemia is assumed to increase food intake, but there is little data on the magnitude or qualitative nature of this effect. We have therefore investigated the effects of insulin-induced hypoglycaemia on food intake at a test meal. METHODS:Sixteen healthy men (age 29.8 +/- 11 years; mean +/- SD) were studied; either insulin (0.05 units/kg) or saline was given intravenously in a double-blind crossover design. Blood glucose was monitored at regular intervals. Participants were given an ad libitum breakfast 20 min after injections and food intake and appetite scores were recorded. RESULTS:Blood glucose was unchanged following saline (4.3 +/- 0.4 to 4.4 +/- 0.3 mmol/L). There was a transient decline in blood glucose after insulin with a nadir at 20 min (4.31 +/- 0.34 to 2.41 +/- 0.45 mmol/L, p < 0.0001), which returned to baseline at 40 min. Total energy intake was 17% higher (1701.1 +/- 895.3 kcal vs 1427.7 +/- 815 kcal, p = 0.026) following insulin administration compared to that following saline. Macronutrient analysis revealed a significant increase in high-fat foods (muffins) (69.2 +/- 54.1 vs 29 +/- 42.3 g, p = 0.009) after insulin. Appetite scores were similar after saline and insulin despite these changes in food intake. CONCLUSIONS: Transient insulin-induced hypoglycaemia increases energy intake. Participants consumed more fat after insulin compared to that after saline. High-fat foods can lead to passive overconsumption and have a low glycaemic index, which may prolong hypoglycaemia. Both factors could ultimately promote weight gain in individuals with recurrent hypoglycaemia. Copyright 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Hypoglycaemia is assumed to increase food intake, but there is little data on the magnitude or qualitative nature of this effect. We have therefore investigated the effects of insulin-induced hypoglycaemia on food intake at a test meal. METHODS: Sixteen healthy men (age 29.8 +/- 11 years; mean +/- SD) were studied; either insulin (0.05 units/kg) or saline was given intravenously in a double-blind crossover design. Blood glucose was monitored at regular intervals. Participants were given an ad libitum breakfast 20 min after injections and food intake and appetite scores were recorded. RESULTS:Blood glucose was unchanged following saline (4.3 +/- 0.4 to 4.4 +/- 0.3 mmol/L). There was a transient decline in blood glucose after insulin with a nadir at 20 min (4.31 +/- 0.34 to 2.41 +/- 0.45 mmol/L, p < 0.0001), which returned to baseline at 40 min. Total energy intake was 17% higher (1701.1 +/- 895.3 kcal vs 1427.7 +/- 815 kcal, p = 0.026) following insulin administration compared to that following saline. Macronutrient analysis revealed a significant increase in high-fat foods (muffins) (69.2 +/- 54.1 vs 29 +/- 42.3 g, p = 0.009) after insulin. Appetite scores were similar after saline and insulin despite these changes in food intake. CONCLUSIONS: Transient insulin-induced hypoglycaemia increases energy intake. Participants consumed more fat after insulin compared to that after saline. High-fat foods can lead to passive overconsumption and have a low glycaemic index, which may prolong hypoglycaemia. Both factors could ultimately promote weight gain in individuals with recurrent hypoglycaemia. Copyright 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Authors: Pauline Teuffel; Miriam Goebel-Stengel; Tobias Hofmann; Philip Prinz; Sophie Scharner; Jan L Körner; Carsten Grötzinger; Matthias Rose; Burghard F Klapp; Andreas Stengel Journal: J Vis Exp Date: 2016-04-28 Impact factor: 1.355
Authors: Anna R Kahkoska; Madison E Watts; Kimberly A Driscoll; Franziska K Bishop; Paul Mihas; Joan Thomas; Jennifer R Law; Nina Jain; Elizabeth J Mayer-Davis Journal: Obes Med Date: 2018-02-22