Low efficacy of nevirapine (HIVNET012) in preventing perinatal HIV-1 transmission in a real-life situation.

Since 2001, the unrestricted use of HIVNET012 has been recommended for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission in low-resource settings, despite the lack of validated efficacy data outside research settings. We implemented the nevirapine regimen in a real-life situation in Kenya. The perinatal HIV-1 transmission rate at 14 weeks was 18.1%, similar to the 21.7% before the intervention. These data call for further evaluation of the simple nevirapine regimen in field conditions, and underline the need for alter-native strategies.