[Abdominal aortic aneurysm: screening and surveillance].

A screening program for infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) has limited cost-effectiveness. Yet, screening of the subpopulation of smoking men aged 60-75 years, or men and smoking women with a family history of vascular diseases or other cardio-vascular co-morbidity is cost-effective and has been demonstrated. It is suited to halve the increasing mortality of AAA. Elective repair of AAA is justified at diameters larger than 5.5 cm for men, but uncertain for women. However, aortic diameters between 4.5 and 5 cm in women probably necessitate an invasive approach. Surveillance of patients who still not meet these criteria should not only include the absolute diameter of the aneurysm, but direct individuals with aneurysms at an annual expansion rate of more than 0.5 cm to elective repair.