Making sense of social capital, health and policy.

This paper summarizes current knowledge about social capital and its application to health policy. There is a consensus that social capital is a characteristic of social groups, rather than individuals, and is born of shared experience which fosters mutual trust and reciprocity. It is a collective resource that may accumulate over time and facilitates the accomplishment of objectives that would otherwise be unlikely. The theoretical articulation of social capital remains under-theorized, and its measurement is subject to considerable debate. Health researchers, searching for a pathway to explain the adverse health outcomes associated with income inequality, as well as to understand the results of multi-level analyses that demonstrate an independent etiological role for community of residence, may find social capital an attractive notion. Despite professions of interest, the utility of social capital for health policy formation remains problematic; however, as a theoretical paradigm for policy it may have particular appeal to exponents of the "Third Way".