Early expression of a functional TCRbeta chain inhibits TCRgamma gene rearrangements without altering the frequency of TCRgammadelta lineage cells.

To investigate the consequences of the simultaneous expression in progenitor cells of a TCRgammadelta and a pre-TCR on alphabeta/gammadelta lineage commitment, we have forced expression of functionally rearranged TCRbeta, TCRgamma, and TCRdelta chains by means of transgenes. Mice transgenic for the three TCR chains contain numbers of gammadelta thymocytes comparable to those of mice transgenic for both TCRgamma and TCRdelta chains, and numbers of alphabeta thymocytes similar to those found in mice solely transgenic for a rearranged TCRbeta chain gene. gammadelta T cells from the triple transgenic mice express the transgenic TCRbeta chain, but do not express a TCRalpha chain, and, by a number of phenotypic and molecular parameters, appear to be bona fide gammadelta thymocytes. Our results reveal a remarkable degree of independence in the generation of alphabeta and gammadelta lineage cells from progenitor cells that, in theory, could simultaneously express a TCRgammadelta and a pre-TCR.