Mnb/Dyrk1A phosphorylation regulates the interaction of dynamin 1 with SH3 domain-containing proteins.

Mnb/Dyrk1A is a proline-directed serine/threonine kinase implicated in Down's syndrome. Mnb/Dyrk1A was shown to phosphorylate dynamin 1 and alter its interactions with several SH3 domain-containing endocytic accessory proteins. To determine the mechanism of regulation, we mapped the Mnb/Dyrk1A phosphorylation sites in dynamin 1. Using a combination of deletion mutants and synthetic peptides, three potential Mnb/Dyrk1A phosphorylation sites (S778, S795, and S857) were first identified. Phosphorylation at S795 and S857 was confirmed in full-length dynamin 1, and S857 was subsequently determined to be the major Mnb/Dyrk1A phosphorylation site in vitro. Phosphorylation at S857 was demonstrated to be the basis for altering the binding of dynamin 1 to amphiphysin 1 and Grb 2 by site-directed mutants mimicking phosphorylation. Furthermore, S857 of dynamin 1 is phosphorylated by the endogenous kinase in brain extracts and in PC12 cells. In PC12 cells, the state of S857 phosphorylation is dependent on membrane potentials. These results suggest that S857 phosphorylation is a physiological event, which regulates the binding of dynamin 1 to SH3 domain-containing proteins. Since S857 is unique to dynamin 1xa isoforms, Mnb/Dyrk1A regulation of dynamin 1 is expected to be specific to these spliced variants.