OBJECTIVES: To assess the risk of lung cancer mortality related to occupational exposure to titanium dioxide (TiO2). METHODS: A mortality follow-up study of 15,017 workers (14,331 men) employed in 11 factories producing TiO2 in Europe. Exposure to TiO2 dust was reconstructed for each occupational title; exposure estimates were linked with the occupational history. Observed mortality was compared with national rates, and internal comparisons were based on multivariate Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: The cohort contributed 371,067 person-years of observation (3.3% were lost to follow-up and 0.7% emigrated). 2652 cohort members died during the follow-up, yielding standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) of 0.87 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.83-0.90) among men and 0.58 (95% CI 0.40-0.82) among women. Among men, the SMR of lung cancer was significantly increased (1.23, 95% CI 1.10-1.38); however, mortality from lung cancer did not increase with duration of employment or estimated cumulative exposure to TiO2 dust. Data on smoking were available for over one third of cohort members. In three countries, the prevalence of smokers was higher among cohort members compared to the national populations. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study do not suggest a carcinogenic effect of TiO2 dust on the human lung.
OBJECTIVES: To assess the risk of lung cancer mortality related to occupational exposure to titanium dioxide (TiO2). METHODS: A mortality follow-up study of 15,017 workers (14,331 men) employed in 11 factories producing TiO2 in Europe. Exposure to TiO2 dust was reconstructed for each occupational title; exposure estimates were linked with the occupational history. Observed mortality was compared with national rates, and internal comparisons were based on multivariate Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: The cohort contributed 371,067 person-years of observation (3.3% were lost to follow-up and 0.7% emigrated). 2652 cohort members died during the follow-up, yielding standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) of 0.87 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.83-0.90) among men and 0.58 (95% CI 0.40-0.82) among women. Among men, the SMR of lung cancer was significantly increased (1.23, 95% CI 1.10-1.38); however, mortality from lung cancer did not increase with duration of employment or estimated cumulative exposure to TiO2 dust. Data on smoking were available for over one third of cohort members. In three countries, the prevalence of smokers was higher among cohort members compared to the national populations. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study do not suggest a carcinogenic effect of TiO2 dust on the human lung.
Authors: Chayanin Kiratipaiboon; Todd A Stueckle; Rajib Ghosh; Liying W Rojanasakul; Yi Charlie Chen; Cerasela Zoica Dinu; Yon Rojanasakul Journal: Environ Sci Nano Date: 2019-05-24
Authors: Benedicte Trouiller; Ramune Reliene; Aya Westbrook; Parrisa Solaimani; Robert H Schiestl Journal: Cancer Res Date: 2009-11-03 Impact factor: 12.701
Authors: Dale W Porter; Nianqiang Wu; Ann F Hubbs; Robert R Mercer; Kathleen Funk; Fanke Meng; Jiangtian Li; Michael G Wolfarth; Lori Battelli; Sherri Friend; Michael Andrew; Raymond Hamilton; Krishnan Sriram; Feng Yang; Vincent Castranova; Andrij Holian Journal: Toxicol Sci Date: 2012-09-05 Impact factor: 4.849