BACKGROUND: HIV infection can have important although sometimes unexpected consequences, such as contributing to enlargement of the pool of rubella-susceptible children. METHODS: At the Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil, we assessed response to rubella immunization at 15 months of age in 15 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV)-infected children, 20 seroreverted children (SR) and 18 healthy control children born to HIV-seronegative mothers (CON). Blood samples were collected before and 3 months after vaccination. All HIV-infected children had started highly active antiretroviral therapy during their first 6 months of life. Serum samples were tested with a rubella IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. RESULTS: HIV children in immunologic categories 2/3 had lower rubella antibody titers (geometric mean, 33 IU/mL) than those from CON (125 IU/mL) and SR group (236 IU/mL) (Tukey, P = 0.01). Antibody values after vaccination were positively associated with CD4 T cell numbers and negatively associated with HIV viral load assessed immediately before vaccination. The percentage of children with protective antibodies after vaccination (above 10.0 IU/mL) was also significantly different among groups (Fisher's exact test, P = 0.013): CON, 94%; SR, 100%; HIV category 1, 100%; HIV category 2/3, 62%. CONCLUSIONS: HIV-infected children with a preserved immune system at measles-mumps-rubella immunization can have a good response to rubella vaccine. In contrast, those in more advanced categories for HIV infection respond poorly.
BACKGROUND:HIV infection can have important although sometimes unexpected consequences, such as contributing to enlargement of the pool of rubella-susceptible children. METHODS: At the Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil, we assessed response to rubella immunization at 15 months of age in 15 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV)-infectedchildren, 20 seroreverted children (SR) and 18 healthy control children born to HIV-seronegative mothers (CON). Blood samples were collected before and 3 months after vaccination. All HIV-infectedchildren had started highly active antiretroviral therapy during their first 6 months of life. Serum samples were tested with a rubella IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. RESULTS: HIV children in immunologic categories 2/3 had lower rubella antibody titers (geometric mean, 33 IU/mL) than those from CON (125 IU/mL) and SR group (236 IU/mL) (Tukey, P = 0.01). Antibody values after vaccination were positively associated with CD4 T cell numbers and negatively associated with HIV viral load assessed immediately before vaccination. The percentage of children with protective antibodies after vaccination (above 10.0 IU/mL) was also significantly different among groups (Fisher's exact test, P = 0.013): CON, 94%; SR, 100%; HIV category 1, 100%; HIV category 2/3, 62%. CONCLUSIONS:HIV-infectedchildren with a preserved immune system at measles-mumps-rubella immunization can have a good response to rubella vaccine. In contrast, those in more advanced categories for HIV infection respond poorly.
Authors: George K Siberry; Kunjal Patel; William J Bellini; Brad Karalius; Murli U Purswani; Sandra K Burchett; William A Meyer; Sun Bae Sowers; Angela Ellis; Russell B Van Dyke Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2015-06-09 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: Regina C M Succi; Margot R Krauss; D Robert Harris; Daisy M Machado; Maria I de Moraes-Pinto; Marisa M Mussi-Pinhata; Noris Pavia Ruz; Russell B Pierre; Lenka A Kolevic Roca; Esaú Joao; Irene Foradori; Marcelo C Scotta; Rohan Hazra; George K Siberry Journal: Pediatr Infect Dis J Date: 2018-04 Impact factor: 2.129
Authors: Natascha Ching; Jaime G Deville; Karin A Nielsen; Bonnie Ank; Lian S Wei; Myung Shin Sim; Steven M Wolinsky; Yvonne J Bryson Journal: Eur J Pediatr Date: 2006-07-26 Impact factor: 3.183