Periodontal microsurgery: report of 16 cases consecutively treated by the free rotated papilla autograft technique combined with the coronally advanced flap.

The coronally advanced flap combined with a free connective tissue graft is a predictable method for achieving root coverage in buccal gingival recession. Nevertheless, this procedure conventionally requires involvement of a second surgical site; the latter is avoided by the proposed technique. Sixteen isolated gingival recessions (2.5 to 4.0 mm deep) were surgically treated with a coronally advanced flap associated with a connective tissue graft harvested from one adjacent papilla whose dimensions matched those of the exposed root area. Procedures were performed with the aid of a surgical microscope. Recession depth, probing depth, periodontal attachment level, and keratinized tissue width were recorded at baseline and 12 months after surgery. Mean recession moved from 3.38 +/- 0.72 mm at baseline to 0.13 +/- 0.29 mm at 12 months, a gain of 97.03%. In 13 of the 16 cases 12 months after surgery, the gingival margin was located at the CEJ or coronal to it, while in two cases the residual recession was less than 1.0 mm and in another case it was 1.0 mm. Mean periodontal attachment level was 4.72 +/- 1.00 mm at baseline and 1.03 +/- 0.59 mm at follow-up. Mean keratinized tissue increased from 1.25 +/- 0.75 mm to 3.47 +/- 0.87 mm. All differences between 12 months and baseline were statistically significant. No pockets were present at baseline, and this situation remained stable during the observation period. All 16 isolated recessions treated showed an excellent gain in root coverage without requiring a second surgical site and thus reducing patient morbidity.