[Infections under immunosuppressive therapy following organ transplantation].

The risk to acquire opportunistic infections is clearly increased in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapeutic regimens following organ transplantation or during treatment of autoimmune disorders. The modulation of the immune system can alter the clinical symptoms and the course of infectious diseases, including diagnostic signs such as fever or pathological changes in radiographs or blood cell counts. However, a rapid diagnosis and start of treatment is essential in these patients. Thus, a correct interpretation of even mild symptoms in the initial phase of an infectious disease is essential for establishing a diagnosis and initiation of a therapy at an early stage. Therefore, it is necessary that the clinical hallmarks of these diseases are widely known and that physicians treating these patients cooperate closely with transplant centers.