Doris A Abood1, David R Black, Rachel D Birnbaum. 1. Department of Nutrition, Food, and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA. dabood@mailer.fsu.edu
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of a nutrition education intervention for college female athletes to improve nutrition knowledge, build self-efficacy with respect to making healthful dietary choices, and improve dietary intake. DESIGN: A pretest-posttest control group design was implemented. PARTICIPANTS: A women's soccer team (n =15) and a women's swim team (n = 15) were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups, respectively. INTERVENTION: The intervention focused on nutrition knowledge, self-efficacy in making healthful dietary choices, and dietary practices to demonstrate treatment effect. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Dependent variables were nutrition knowledge, self-efficacy, and dietary practices. Independent variables were group assignment. ANALYSES: The Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze the results between groups, and the Fisher exact probability test was used to detect differences between groups in the number of positive dietary changes. RESULTS: Treatment participants significantly improved nutrition knowledge, self-efficacy (P <.05), and the overall number of positive dietary changes (P <.03). CONCLUSIONS: This study reduces the paucity of nutrition education intervention research among athletes and demonstrates the ability to increase not only nutrition knowledge, which is typically reported, but also self-efficacy and improvement in overall positive dietary changes during an 8-week intervention.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of a nutrition education intervention for college female athletes to improve nutrition knowledge, build self-efficacy with respect to making healthful dietary choices, and improve dietary intake. DESIGN: A pretest-posttest control group design was implemented. PARTICIPANTS: A women's soccer team (n =15) and a women's swim team (n = 15) were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups, respectively. INTERVENTION: The intervention focused on nutrition knowledge, self-efficacy in making healthful dietary choices, and dietary practices to demonstrate treatment effect. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Dependent variables were nutrition knowledge, self-efficacy, and dietary practices. Independent variables were group assignment. ANALYSES: The Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze the results between groups, and the Fisher exact probability test was used to detect differences between groups in the number of positive dietary changes. RESULTS: Treatment participants significantly improved nutrition knowledge, self-efficacy (P <.05), and the overall number of positive dietary changes (P <.03). CONCLUSIONS: This study reduces the paucity of nutrition education intervention research among athletes and demonstrates the ability to increase not only nutrition knowledge, which is typically reported, but also self-efficacy and improvement in overall positive dietary changes during an 8-week intervention.
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