Enhanced recovery of cryopreserved islets using SIS.

Although cryopreservation of pancreatic islets would add flexibility to transplantation, the recoveries are only 60% to 90% and function is decreased. Islets are multicellular structures approximately 50 to 250 microm in diameter organized into a network of cells and vascular channels. Due to this complexity, islets are more susceptible to damage during cryopreservation than an individual cell. This study investigated porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) as a matrix to support islets recovery and function post-thaw. Groups of frozen/thawed human islets (150 IE/condition; n = 4 preparations) were cultured for 5 weeks in plates containing noncoated Biopore membrane inserts alone or inserts covered with SIS. Islets were placed directly on the insert post-thaw (SIS(1)), or cultured overnight in standard plates, washed, and then transferred to the SIS (SIS(2)). Function was assessed by determining glucose-stimulated release of insulin, which was measured by radioimmunoassay. Analysis of basal insulin secretion showed time and treatment to be significantly different (P =.0043 and P =.0123, respectively) but without an interaction (P >.05). The two SIS treatments were not significantly different (P >.05); however, both SIS(1) and SIS(2) were significantly different from controls (P =.0108 and P =.0420, respectively). Similar results were obtained for stimulation indices; time and treatment were significantly different (P =.0161 and P =.0264, respectively) but not an interaction (P >.05). The two SIS treatments were not significantly different (P =.05); however, both SIS(1) and SIS(2) differed from controls (P =.0248 and P =.0407, respectively). The results indicate that SIS enables frozen-thawed islets to exhibit superior post-thaw function compared with a non-SIS-supported condition.