OBJECTIVE: To assess the reliability and validity of self-reported opium use in a rural Iranian population at high risk for esophageal cancer in preparation for a large cohort study. METHOD: 1,057 subjects ages 33 to 84 years were recruited from Gonbad city and three surrounding villages in Golestan province of Iran and completed a questionnaire and provided biological samples. The history and duration of using opium, smoking tobacco, chewing nass, and drinking alcohol were measured by questionnaire in the entire cohort. A subgroup of 130 people was reinterviewed after 2 months to assess reliability. Validity of the opium question was assessed by comparing the questionnaire responses with the presence of codeine and morphine in the urine of 150 selected subjects. RESULTS: Self-reported opiate use is reliable and valid in this population. The reliability of ever opium use and duration of opium use had kappa's of 0.96 and 0.74, respectively. The validity of self-reported opium use was also high. Using urine codeine or morphine as the gold standard for use of opium, self-report had a sensitivity of 0.93 and a specificity of 0.89. CONCLUSIONS: The self-reported use of opium can provide a reliable and valid measurement in this population and will be useful for studying associations between opium use and occurrence of esophageal cancer and other diseases.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the reliability and validity of self-reported opium use in a rural Iranian population at high risk for esophageal cancer in preparation for a large cohort study. METHOD: 1,057 subjects ages 33 to 84 years were recruited from Gonbad city and three surrounding villages in Golestan province of Iran and completed a questionnaire and provided biological samples. The history and duration of using opium, smoking tobacco, chewing nass, and drinking alcohol were measured by questionnaire in the entire cohort. A subgroup of 130 people was reinterviewed after 2 months to assess reliability. Validity of the opium question was assessed by comparing the questionnaire responses with the presence of codeine and morphine in the urine of 150 selected subjects. RESULTS: Self-reported opiate use is reliable and valid in this population. The reliability of ever opium use and duration of opium use had kappa's of 0.96 and 0.74, respectively. The validity of self-reported opium use was also high. Using urine codeine or morphine as the gold standard for use of opium, self-report had a sensitivity of 0.93 and a specificity of 0.89. CONCLUSIONS: The self-reported use of opium can provide a reliable and valid measurement in this population and will be useful for studying associations between opium use and occurrence of esophageal cancer and other diseases.
Authors: Behnoush Abedi-Ardekani; Farin Kamangar; Stephen M Hewitt; Pierre Hainaut; Masoud Sotoudeh; Christian C Abnet; Philip R Taylor; Paolo Boffetta; Reza Malekzadeh; Sanford M Dawsey Journal: Gut Date: 2010-06-28 Impact factor: 23.059
Authors: Akram Pourshams; Hooman Khademi; Akbar Fazeltabar Malekshah; Farhad Islami; Mehdi Nouraei; Ali Reza Sadjadi; Elham Jafari; Nasser Rakhshani; Rasool Salahi; Shahryar Semnani; Farin Kamangar; Christian C Abnet; Bruce Ponder; Nick Day; Sanford M Dawsey; Paolo Boffetta; Reza Malekzadeh Journal: Int J Epidemiol Date: 2009-03-30 Impact factor: 7.196
Authors: Abdullah Gandomkar; Hossein Poustchi; Maryam Moini; Mohsen Moghadami; Hadi Imanieh; Mohammad Reza Fattahi; Seyyed Mohammad Taghi Ayatollahi; Mohammad Mahdi Sagheb; Amir Anushiravani; Roozbeh Mortazavi; Sadaf Ghajarieh Sepanlou; Reza Malekzadeh Journal: Int J Public Health Date: 2016-06-28 Impact factor: 3.380