Bone marrow transplantation for therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia in congenital retinoblastoma associated with 13q deletion syndrome.

Children with constitutional deletion of the long arm of chromosome 13 are at risk for retinoblastoma (RB) due to loss of the RB tumor suppressor gene. The prognosis is poor since the tumors are often bilateral, aggressive, and recurrent and the patients often harbor other congenital abnormalities. One further complication is that of therapy-related malignancies later in life. We report a case of allogeneic stem cell transplantation for therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia in an 8-year-old girl after multimodality treatment for refractory bilateral relapsing RB, with excellent outcome in both the ophthalmic and marrow disease.