OBJECTIVE: Individual variation in cognitive and behavioral response to methylphenidate (MPH) was investigated in children with mental retardation and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. METHOD: Twenty-four children (mean age 10.9 years, SD = 2.4) participated in aplacebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover trial with 0.15-, 0.30-, and 0.60-mg/kg b.i.d. doses of MPH. Parent and teacher behavioral ratings, as well as cognitive task performance, were assessed at each dose. RESULTS: Relative to placebo, most children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and mental retardation showed some degree of behavioral and cognitive improvement with MPH treatment. However, fewer of these children made substantial gains (>30% improvement, relative to placebo) with MPH treatment. At the highest dose, 55% of the children showed substantial behavioral gains and 46% made substantial gains in cognitive task performance. However, there was substantial independence between changes in behavior and changes in cognitive performance. CONCLUSIONS: At the 0.60-mg/kg MPH dose, more children showed substantial cognitive and behavioral gains than those who showed substantial declines in a ratio of more than 5:1. However, it may be prudent to assess cognitive change as well as behavioral effects because improvements in the former do not necessarily forecast improvements in the latter in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and mental retardation.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVE: Individual variation in cognitive and behavioral response to methylphenidate (MPH) was investigated in children with mental retardation and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. METHOD: Twenty-four children (mean age 10.9 years, SD = 2.4) participated in a placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover trial with 0.15-, 0.30-, and 0.60-mg/kg b.i.d. doses of MPH. Parent and teacher behavioral ratings, as well as cognitive task performance, were assessed at each dose. RESULTS: Relative to placebo, most children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and mental retardation showed some degree of behavioral and cognitive improvement with MPH treatment. However, fewer of these children made substantial gains (>30% improvement, relative to placebo) with MPH treatment. At the highest dose, 55% of the children showed substantial behavioral gains and 46% made substantial gains in cognitive task performance. However, there was substantial independence between changes in behavior and changes in cognitive performance. CONCLUSIONS: At the 0.60-mg/kg MPH dose, more children showed substantial cognitive and behavioral gains than those who showed substantial declines in a ratio of more than 5:1. However, it may be prudent to assess cognitive change as well as behavioral effects because improvements in the former do not necessarily forecast improvements in the latter in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and mental retardation.
Authors: Deborah A Pearson; Cynthia W Santos; Michael G Aman; L Eugene Arnold; David M Lane; Katherine A Loveland; Rosleen Mansour; Anthony R Ward; Charles D Casat; Susan Jerger; Russell J Schachar; Oscar G Bukstein; Lynne A Cleveland Journal: J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol Date: 2020-07-09 Impact factor: 2.576
Authors: Laudan B Jahromi; Connie L Kasari; James T McCracken; Lisa S-Y Lee; Michael G Aman; Christopher J McDougle; Lawrence Scahill; Elaine Tierney; L Eugene Arnold; Benedetto Vitiello; Louise Ritz; Andrea Witwer; Erin Kustan; Jaswinder Ghuman; David J Posey Journal: J Autism Dev Disord Date: 2008-08-28
Authors: Jane E Roberts; Margot Miranda; Maria Boccia; Heather Janes; Bridgette L Tonnsen; Deborah D Hatton Journal: J Neurodev Disord Date: 2011-06-14 Impact factor: 4.025