Chol-1 is a cholinergic marker in the human central nervous system.

The cholinergic-specific gangliosides Chol-1 alpha and beta were detected in human brain and spinal cord by immune staining of thin-layer chromatography (TLC) plates on which ganglioside extracts had been separated. The colocalization of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and the Chol-1 antigens in ventral horn motoneurons was demonstrated immunocytochemically. In analytical studies, Chol-1 was found to be more concentrated in dorsal cord than ventral but the reverse was true of ChAT. This difference was explained by differences in the subcellular location of the two markers. Within each region of the thoracic cord the levels of ChAT and Chol-1 in different cords showed covariance. The expected fall of ChAT and Chol-1 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) cords was not seen and possible reasons for this are discussed.