Cerebrospinal fluid analysis differentiates multiple system atrophy from Parkinson's disease.

We investigated whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis discriminates between idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD; n = 35) and multiple system atrophy (MSA; n = 30). The median CSF concentration of the neurotransmitter metabolites 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA) and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol (MHPG) was reduced significantly (49-70%) in MSA compared to PD. In contrast, several brain-specific proteins (tau, neuron-specific enolase, myelin basic protein) were elevated (130-230%) in MSA compared with those in PD. A combination of CSF tau and MHPG discriminated PD from MSA (adjusted odds ratios: tau, 27.2; MHPG, 0.14). Our data suggest that the more progressive and widespread neurodegenerative nature of MSA, as compared with PD, is reflected in the composition of CSF. We propose that CSF analysis may become part of the diagnostic work-up of patients with parkinsonian syndromes. Copyright 2003 Movement Disorder Society