Human reproductive cloning, embryo stem cells and germline gene intervention: an Israeli perspective.

The perspectives of applying the cloning technology to human reproduction have generated much controversy. Israel was one of the first countries to adopt (in 1998) a Law that prohibits reproductive cloning. This is a moratorium for 5 years during which neither cloning of an entire human being nor genetic changes affecting human reproductive cells will be allowed. An aim of the Law is to allow the examination of the moral, legal, and social aspects of these technologies and their implications for human dignity. With the intention of not being an obstacle to the advancement of medical genetics, the Law provides for a yearly report to the Israel Health Minister on the state of scientific knowledge in these technologies. This article reflects the 2002-3 report, relating to scientific issues and bioethical opinions in Israel and in the world on human reproductive cloning, embryonic stem cell research and germline gene manipulation. In the Jewish tradition, the primary importance of saving lives and helping suffering patients can take precedence over the fears generated by modern genetic and reproductive research. Provided that new technologies are applied for medical indications and respecting human rights and human dignity, it is legitimate to explore their beneficial potential.