In vitro microbial leakage of endodontically treated teeth using new and standard obturation techniques.

Coronal microbial leakage is an important cause of apical periodontitis and thus should be prevented if possible. The purpose of this study was to compare microbial leakage of new and standard obturation techniques over a 30-day period. A split chamber microbial leakage model was used in which Streptococcus mutans placed in the upper chamber could reach the lower chamber only through the obturated canal. Leakage was assessed every day for 30 days. One hundred forty single-rooted human teeth were used in this study, equally split between lateral, vertical, and Obtura II condensation; SimpliFill with Obtura II condensation; FibreFill; and a combination of FibreFill and SimpliFill. Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel row mean score statistics showed a high statistical significance when all groups were compared (p < 0.0001). Microbial leakage occurred more quickly in lateral and vertical condensation techniques compared with SimpliFill and FibreFill techniques. A combination of an apical plug of gutta-percha with SimpliFill and a FibreFill coronal seal was the best obturation technique used (SimpliFill-FibreFill group).