BACKGROUND: This study reexamined gender differences in a large sample of adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHODS: We assessed the effects of ADHD, gender, and their interaction on rates of psychiatric comorbidity and cognitive functioning in 219 adults with ADHD who were referred to an outpatient psychiatric clinic over the last 7 years compared with 215 control subjects group-matched to control subjects on age and gender, and ascertained from ongoing family genetic case control adults with ADHD. RESULTS: There was no evidence that gender moderated the association between ADHD and other psychiatric disorders. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder was associated with cognitive deficits and higher rates of major depression, anxiety, substance use disorders, and antisocial personality disorder. CONCLUSIONS: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults is associated with psychiatric and cognitive impairment in both genders. These results bear striking similarities to findings reported in pediatric samples, supporting the validity of ADHD and stressing the importance of identifying and treating the disorder in adulthood.
BACKGROUND: This study reexamined gender differences in a large sample of adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHODS: We assessed the effects of ADHD, gender, and their interaction on rates of psychiatric comorbidity and cognitive functioning in 219 adults with ADHD who were referred to an outpatientpsychiatric clinic over the last 7 years compared with 215 control subjects group-matched to control subjects on age and gender, and ascertained from ongoing family genetic case control adults with ADHD. RESULTS: There was no evidence that gender moderated the association between ADHD and other psychiatric disorders. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder was associated with cognitive deficits and higher rates of major depression, anxiety, substance use disorders, and antisocial personality disorder. CONCLUSIONS:Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults is associated with psychiatric and cognitive impairment in both genders. These results bear striking similarities to findings reported in pediatric samples, supporting the validity of ADHD and stressing the importance of identifying and treating the disorder in adulthood.
Authors: Kouichi Yoshimasu; William J Barbaresi; Robert C Colligan; Robert G Voigt; Jill M Killian; Amy L Weaver; Slavica K Katusic Journal: J Child Psychol Psychiatry Date: 2012-05-31 Impact factor: 8.982
Authors: Larry J Seidman; Joseph Biederman; Lichen Liang; Eve M Valera; Michael C Monuteaux; Ariel Brown; Jonathan Kaiser; Thomas Spencer; Stephen V Faraone; Nikos Makris Journal: Biol Psychiatry Date: 2010-12-23 Impact factor: 13.382
Authors: Martina de Zwaan; Barbara Gruss; Astrid Müller; Holmer Graap; Alexandra Martin; Heide Glaesmer; Anja Hilbert; Alexandra Philipsen Journal: Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci Date: 2011-04-17 Impact factor: 5.270
Authors: Ronald C Kessler; Lenard Adler; Russell Barkley; Joseph Biederman; C Keith Conners; Olga Demler; Stephen V Faraone; Laurence L Greenhill; Mary J Howes; Kristina Secnik; Thomas Spencer; T Bedirhan Ustun; Ellen E Walters; Alan M Zaslavsky Journal: Am J Psychiatry Date: 2006-04 Impact factor: 18.112