Femoral neck nonunion treatment.

Femoral neck fracture nonunion is a challenging complication for the orthopaedic surgeon. The etiology of nonunion can be complicated and multifactorial. The diagnosis usually is established clearly with clinical and radiographic examinations. There are no clear guidelines for treatment, although multiple factors must be taken into account. Treatment options include refixation, solitary bone grafting, osteotomy (with and without bone grafting), and prosthetic arthroplasty. The relative indications, shortcomings, contraindications, and results of these different forms of treatment are discussed.