Adult-adult living donor liver transplantation.

After the first report from Denver in 1998 of a successful liver transplant in an adult using the right lobe from a living donor, the procedure was rapidly adopted by many transplant centers as a potential solution to the critical shortage of donor livers. By the end of 2000, when the National Institutes of Health held a Consensus Conference on Adult-Adult Living Donor Transplantation (AALDT), a substantial body of literature had already developed and many of the associated technical and medical pitfalls had been defined. The exponential expansion of the procedure came to a dramatic halt in January 2002 when the death of a donor occurred at Mount Sinai Hospital--the busiest AALDT center in the United States. This led to a widespread reassessment of the risks inherent in right lobe donation. Yet, the problem that drove the development of this controversial technique--the dire shortage of organs for transplantation--still persists. After a 50% drop in the number of AALDT procedures performed in the United States in 2002 compared with 2001, centers are regrouping and approaching AALDT with renewed interest, albeit with heightened awareness of the attendant risks. On November 2, 2002, a state-of-the-art symposium on AALDT was held in Boston, MA, under the combined auspices of the American Hepatico-Pancreato-Biliary Association and the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. This article comprises the presentations at the symposium on three subjects of critical importance concerning AALDT. These include advances in surgical technique, candidate selection, and hepatic regeneration; each subject is acknowledged by an expert in the field.