BACKGROUND: A previous study reported reductions in glial density and glia/neuron ratio in the amygdala of individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD), without a change in neuronal density. It is not known, however, whether this glial loss is due to astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, or microglia. METHODS: Tissue samples, equally from the right and left hemispheres, were obtained from subjects diagnosed with MDD (n = 8), bipolar disorder (BD) (n = 9), or no psychiatric disorders (n = 10). Sections were stained immunohistochemically for S-100beta (for astrocytes) and human leukocyte antigen (for microglia), and with the Nissl method. In Nissl-stained sections, oligodendrocytes have more compact, darker-stained nuclei, whereas astrocytes and microglia have larger, lighter-stained nuclei, with more granular chromatin. Neurons are larger, with a nucleolus and stained cytoplasm. The density of glia was determined with stereologic methods. RESULTS: The density of total glia and oligodendrocytes in the amygdala was significantly lower in MDD than in control subjects, but not significantly lower in BD compared with control subjects. The decreases were largely accounted for by differences in the left hemisphere. There was no significant decrease in astrocyte or microglia density in MDD or BD subjects. CONCLUSIONS: The glial cell reduction previously found in the amygdala in MDD is primarily due to oligodendrocytes.
BACKGROUND: A previous study reported reductions in glial density and glia/neuron ratio in the amygdala of individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD), without a change in neuronal density. It is not known, however, whether this glial loss is due to astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, or microglia. METHODS: Tissue samples, equally from the right and left hemispheres, were obtained from subjects diagnosed with MDD (n = 8), bipolar disorder (BD) (n = 9), or no psychiatric disorders (n = 10). Sections were stained immunohistochemically for S-100beta (for astrocytes) and human leukocyte antigen (for microglia), and with the Nissl method. In Nissl-stained sections, oligodendrocytes have more compact, darker-stained nuclei, whereas astrocytes and microglia have larger, lighter-stained nuclei, with more granular chromatin. Neurons are larger, with a nucleolus and stained cytoplasm. The density of glia was determined with stereologic methods. RESULTS: The density of total glia and oligodendrocytes in the amygdala was significantly lower in MDD than in control subjects, but not significantly lower in BD compared with control subjects. The decreases were largely accounted for by differences in the left hemisphere. There was no significant decrease in astrocyte or microglia density in MDD or BD subjects. CONCLUSIONS: The glial cell reduction previously found in the amygdala in MDD is primarily due to oligodendrocytes.
Authors: Anita J Bechtholt-Gompf; Hali V Walther; Martha A Adams; William A Carlezon; Dost Ongür; Bruce M Cohen Journal: Neuropsychopharmacology Date: 2010-06-09 Impact factor: 7.853
Authors: Joshua Chiappelli; Laura M Rowland; S Andrea Wijtenburg; Florian Muellerklein; Malle Tagamets; Robert P McMahon; Frank Gaston; Peter Kochunov; L Elliot Hong Journal: Neuropsychopharmacology Date: 2015-02-27 Impact factor: 7.853
Authors: Talaignair N Venkatraman; Ranga R Krishnan; David C Steffens; Allen W Song; Warren D Taylor Journal: Psychiatry Res Date: 2009-04-30 Impact factor: 3.222
Authors: Marianne L Seney; Zhiguang Huo; Kelly Cahill; Leon French; Rachel Puralewski; Joyce Zhang; Ryan W Logan; George Tseng; David A Lewis; Etienne Sibille Journal: Biol Psychiatry Date: 2018-02-19 Impact factor: 13.382
Authors: M R Williams; R Marsh; C D Macdonald; J Jain; R K B Pearce; S R Hirsch; O Ansorge; S M Gentleman; M Maier Journal: Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci Date: 2012-12-11 Impact factor: 5.270