Iron acquisition and hemolysin production by Campylobacter jejuni.

Campylobacter jejuni strains were tested for their ability to acquire iron from various iron sources present in humans. Hemin, hemoglobin, hemin-hemopexin, and hemoglobin-haptoglobin stimulated the growth of C. jejuni strains in low-iron medium. Transferrin, lactoferrin, and ferritin were unable to provide iron to the strains tested. Derivatives of the naturally transformable C. jejuni strain 81-176 were isolated on the basis of their inability to use hemin as an iron source. These mutants were also unable to use hemoglobin, hemin-hemopexin, or hemoglobin-haptoglobin as iron sources. Some mutants lacked a 71,000-Da iron-regulated outer membrane protein, while others appeared to retain all of their outer membrane proteins. Growth curves and a recombination experiment that exploited natural transformation were used to further characterize the mutants. A hemolytic activity was shown to be produced by several C. jejuni strains, but it did not appear to be iron regulated.