Factors associated with the provision of uncompensated care in Pennsylvania hospitals.

Data from 190 Pennsylvania hospitals in 1995 were used in regression analysis of the determinants of uncompensated care and profitability. Uncompensated care as a percentage of operating expenses was negatively related with hospital size and positively associated with obstetrical services emphasis, emergency visit mix, area unemployment rate, and sole community hospital status. Hospital profitability was not associated with uncompensated care; it was negatively associated with HMO penetration, Medicare and Medicaid share of admissions and religious ownership; and it was positively associated with medium size. Pennsylvania hospitals may have been shielded from the financial burdens of uncompensated care by the availability of funds from other sources that may not be available in the future. Consequently, unless new sources of funding are developed or insurance coverage expanded, financial pressures from providing uncompensated care may cause hospitals to face the dilemma of abandoning uninsured patients or risking financial insolvency.