[The Warsaw otolaryngology in the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century].

Main professional and scientific centries in otolaryngology were the Varsovian hospitals. The origin of several otolaryngological institutions in Warsaw (laryngological ward at St. Roch Hospital, founded in 1881 by Teodor Heryng (1847-1925), otological ward at Ujazdowski Hospital, founded also in 1881 by Teodor Heiman (1848-1917), laryngological out-patient ward at St. Spirit Hospital, founded in 1883 by Alfred M. Sokołowski is described. The origin of otolaryngological ward at Orthodox Jew Hospital, the first otolaryngological ward in Warsaw, founded in 1903 by Leopold Lubliner (1863-1937) is also mentioned. The major otolaryngological operations were performed also at surgical wards. The achievements of such surgeons as Władysław Matlakowski (1851-1895), Władysław Stankiewicz (1838-1929), Władysław Krajewski (1855-1907), Franciszek Kijewski (1851-1919), Franciszek Jawdyński (1851-1896), Bronisław Sawicki (1860-1931) were very important for the development of otolaryngology in the Polish territories. Jawdyński is shown as a pioneer of radical neck dissection on account of cancer of neck. Operations performed by Warsaw surgeons and by surgeons in other countries was similar. Above-mentioned Warsaw physicians were good teachers of a great number of distinguished laryngologists, although at Warsaw University otolaryngology were not lectured.