TARGET: The approximate incidence of indinavir urolithiasis in HIV positive patients receiving the drug is 10%. The exact mechanism of lithogenesis is still unknown. Pure indinavir stones are radiolucent on plane abdominal X-ray or CT scan. Indinavir urolithiasis can be associated with acute unilateral renal colic or severe azotaemia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 20 HIV patients were treated conservatively by increasing oral fluid intake (urine production of 2 l/day and more), discontinuation of indinavir therapy for 1 week and acidification of urine with l-methionin (urine pH 5,3-5,8). Some patients were additionally treated with endoscopic procedures. RESULTS: In all patients renal function normalized. Increase of oral fluid intake, especially during the first 2 hours after intake of indinavir and during night prevented recurrence of indinavir urolithiasis. CONCLUSION: HIV positive patients with renal colic or renal insufficiency and roentgenological absence of radio-opaque stone formations should make the urologist consider indinavir urolithiasis as a possible diagnosis.
TARGET: The approximate incidence of indinavirurolithiasis in HIV positive patients receiving the drug is 10%. The exact mechanism of lithogenesis is still unknown. Pure indinavir stones are radiolucent on plane abdominal X-ray or CT scan. Indinavirurolithiasis can be associated with acute unilateral renal colic or severe azotaemia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 20 HIVpatients were treated conservatively by increasing oral fluid intake (urine production of 2 l/day and more), discontinuation of indinavir therapy for 1 week and acidification of urine with l-methionin (urine pH 5,3-5,8). Some patients were additionally treated with endoscopic procedures. RESULTS: In all patients renal function normalized. Increase of oral fluid intake, especially during the first 2 hours after intake of indinavir and during night prevented recurrence of indinavirurolithiasis. CONCLUSION:HIV positive patients with renal colic or renal insufficiency and roentgenological absence of radio-opaque stone formations should make the urologist consider indinavirurolithiasis as a possible diagnosis.
Authors: J P Vacca; B D Dorsey; W A Schleif; R B Levin; S L McDaniel; P L Darke; J Zugay; J C Quintero; O M Blahy; E Roth Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 1994-04-26 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: C Kalaitzis; P Passadakis; S Giannakopoulos; S Panagoutsos; E Mpantis; A Triantafyllidis; S Touloupidis; V Vargemezis Journal: Int Urol Nephrol Date: 2006-12-19 Impact factor: 2.370