OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the presence of islet autoantibodies in the umbilical cord blood is predictive of subsequent development of islet autoimmunity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Cord blood sera from 1,118 subjects from the Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY) cohort, as well as their venous blood samples taken at follow-up clinic visits, were tested for GAD65 autoantibodies (GAAs), insulin autoantibodies (IAAs), and IA-2 autoantibodies (IA-2As). Venous blood samples taken from mothers of cord blood autoantibody-positive children were analyzed for the same autoantibodies. RESULTS: At least one of three islet autoantibodies was present in 42 (3.7%) of the cord blood samples tested. The presence of cord blood autoantibodies did not predict the subsequent development of islet autoimmunity (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.73 [0.09, 5.88]). Discordance between cord blood and corresponding maternal autoantibodies was seen in 3 of 36 infants. A strong correlation between levels of autoantibody in cord blood and maternal circulation was found for GAA (r(2) = 0.93, P < 0.001) and IAA (r(2) = 0.89, P < 0.001) but not IA-2A (r(2) = 0.05, P = 0.19). Cord blood autoantibodies in all but one subject disappeared by 9 months of age. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of cord blood autoantibodies is not predictive of subsequent development of islet autoimmunity. The majority of cord blood autoantibodies appear to result from maternal transmission.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the presence of islet autoantibodies in the umbilical cord blood is predictive of subsequent development of islet autoimmunity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Cord blood sera from 1,118 subjects from the Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY) cohort, as well as their venous blood samples taken at follow-up clinic visits, were tested for GAD65 autoantibodies (GAAs), insulin autoantibodies (IAAs), and IA-2 autoantibodies (IA-2As). Venous blood samples taken from mothers of cord blood autoantibody-positive children were analyzed for the same autoantibodies. RESULTS: At least one of three islet autoantibodies was present in 42 (3.7%) of the cord blood samples tested. The presence of cord blood autoantibodies did not predict the subsequent development of islet autoimmunity (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.73 [0.09, 5.88]). Discordance between cord blood and corresponding maternal autoantibodies was seen in 3 of 36 infants. A strong correlation between levels of autoantibody in cord blood and maternal circulation was found for GAA (r(2) = 0.93, P < 0.001) and IAA (r(2) = 0.89, P < 0.001) but not IA-2A (r(2) = 0.05, P = 0.19). Cord blood autoantibodies in all but one subject disappeared by 9 months of age. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of cord blood autoantibodies is not predictive of subsequent development of islet autoimmunity. The majority of cord blood autoantibodies appear to result from maternal transmission.
Authors: Matthew B Johnson; Elisa De Franco; Siri Atma W Greeley; Lisa R Letourneau; Kathleen M Gillespie; Matthew N Wakeling; Sian Ellard; Sarah E Flanagan; Kashyap A Patel; Andrew T Hattersley Journal: Diabetes Date: 2019-04-08 Impact factor: 9.461
Authors: B C Holm; J Svensson; C Akesson; J Arvastsson; J Ljungberg; K Lynch; S-A Ivarsson; A Lernmark; C M Cilio Journal: Clin Exp Immunol Date: 2006-12 Impact factor: 4.330
Authors: L M Shulman; C S Hampe; A Ben-Haroush; Y Perepliotchikov; F Vaziri-Sani; S Israel; K Miller; H Bin; B Kaplan; Z Laron Journal: Diabet Med Date: 2014-02-25 Impact factor: 4.359
Authors: Kristian F Lynch; Hye-Seung Lee; Carina Törn; Kendra Vehik; Jeffrey P Krischer; Helena Elding Larsson; Michael J Haller; William A Hagopian; Marian J Rewers; Jin-Xiong She; Olli G Simell; Jorma Toppari; Anette-G Ziegler; Beena Akolkar; Heikki Hyöty; Ezio Bonifacio; Åke Lernmark Journal: J Autoimmun Date: 2017-09-21 Impact factor: 14.511