PURPOSE: To determine the effect of optic nerve transection (ONT) and excitotoxic retinal ganglion cell (RGC) injury on light-induced photoreceptor degeneration. METHODS: Age- and sex-matched rats underwent unilateral ONT or received intravitreal injections of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA). The fellow eye received sham treatment, and 7 or 21 days later each eye was subjected to an intense photic injury. Maximum a- and b-wave amplitudes of the flash electroretinogram (ERG) were measured at baseline, after the RGC insult, and 5 days after the photic injury. Semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis and immunoblot analysis were used to assess rod opsin mRNA and rhodopsin kinase protein levels and to measure defined trophic factors 7 or 21 days after ONT or injection of NMDA. Structural changes after the insults were determined histologically and immunohistochemically. RESULTS: ONT caused time-dependent reductions in the mean a- and b-wave amplitudes. Seven days after intravitreal NMDA the b-wave amplitude was reduced, but the a-wave was unaffected. ONT and NMDA injection attenuated the light-induced reductions in the a- and b-wave. Rod opsin mRNA levels and rhodopsin kinase protein levels were also significantly greater in the axotomized and NMDA-treated eyes compared with the sham-treated fellow eyes after the photic injury. Structural protection in the RGC-injured eyes was also evident histologically. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2, ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were significantly upregulated after ONT and NMDA. CONCLUSIONS: ONT and intravitreal injection of NMDA protect against subsequent photic injury. This protection may relate to the activation of retinal glial cells and the possible action of trophic factors such as FGF-2 and CNTF.
PURPOSE: To determine the effect of optic nerve transection (ONT) and excitotoxic retinal ganglion cell (RGC) injury on light-induced photoreceptor degeneration. METHODS: Age- and sex-matched rats underwent unilateral ONT or received intravitreal injections of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA). The fellow eye received sham treatment, and 7 or 21 days later each eye was subjected to an intense photic injury. Maximum a- and b-wave amplitudes of the flash electroretinogram (ERG) were measured at baseline, after the RGC insult, and 5 days after the photic injury. Semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis and immunoblot analysis were used to assess rod opsin mRNA and rhodopsin kinase protein levels and to measure defined trophic factors 7 or 21 days after ONT or injection of NMDA. Structural changes after the insults were determined histologically and immunohistochemically. RESULTS: ONT caused time-dependent reductions in the mean a- and b-wave amplitudes. Seven days after intravitreal NMDA the b-wave amplitude was reduced, but the a-wave was unaffected. ONT and NMDA injection attenuated the light-induced reductions in the a- and b-wave. Rod opsin mRNA levels and rhodopsin kinase protein levels were also significantly greater in the axotomized and NMDA-treated eyes compared with the sham-treated fellow eyes after the photic injury. Structural protection in the RGC-injured eyes was also evident histologically. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2, ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were significantly upregulated after ONT and NMDA. CONCLUSIONS: ONT and intravitreal injection of NMDA protect against subsequent photic injury. This protection may relate to the activation of retinal glial cells and the possible action of trophic factors such as FGF-2 and CNTF.
Authors: Francisco M Nadal-Nicolás; Manuel Jiménez-López; Manuel Salinas-Navarro; Paloma Sobrado-Calvo; Juan J Alburquerque-Béjar; Manuel Vidal-Sanz; Marta Agudo-Barriuso Journal: PLoS One Date: 2012-11-16 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Arturo Ortín-Martínez; Francisco Javier Valiente-Soriano; Diego García-Ayuso; Luis Alarcón-Martínez; Manuel Jiménez-López; José Manuel Bernal-Garro; Leticia Nieto-López; Francisco Manuel Nadal-Nicolás; María Paz Villegas-Pérez; Larry A Wheeler; Manuel Vidal-Sanz Journal: PLoS One Date: 2014-12-02 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Manuel Salinas-Navarro; Luis Alarcón-Martínez; Francisco Javier Valiente-Soriano; Arturo Ortín-Martínez; Manuel Jiménez-López; Marcelino Avilés-Trigueros; María Paz Villegas-Pérez; Pedro de la Villa; Manuel Vidal-Sanz Journal: Mol Vis Date: 2009-12-05 Impact factor: 2.367
Authors: Luis Alarcón-Martínez; Pedro de la Villa; Marcelino Avilés-Trigueros; Román Blanco; Maria P Villegas-Pérez; Manuel Vidal-Sanz Journal: Mol Vis Date: 2009-11-17 Impact factor: 2.367