Papillary peritoneal carcinomatosis after prophylactic oophorectomy.

Prophylactic oophorectomy has been recommended in patients with a strongly positive family history for ovarian carcinoma. A patient with a strongly positive family history underwent a prophylactic oophorectomy and, 5 years later, developed a primary peritoneal papillary serous adenocarcinoma. A prophylactic oophorectomy does not afford complete protection in some patients with familial ovarian cancer syndrome. Any tissue derived from the coelomic epithelium may potentially undergo multifocal malignant transformation.