Joseph W Basler1, Gary A Piazza. 1. University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, 78229-3900, USA. basler@uthscsa.edu
Abstract
PURPOSE: There is increasing evidence that using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs decreases the incidence of clinically apparent prostate cancer. We review the potential mechanisms of cancer reduction with cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors and the clinical evidence suggesting their effectiveness. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature review using MEDLINE was conducted of animal, observational, and clinical studies of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in cancer, specifically prostate cancer. The Physician Data Query database was searched for current studies of COX-2 inhibitors for chemoprevention of prostate cancer. RESULTS: Research suggests that COX-2 inhibiting medications are determinants in lower cancer incidence rates. Other studies have suggested up-regulation of the COX-2 enzyme in prostate cancer compared with normal prostate tissue. Selective COX-2 inhibitors are currently under study to evaluate their potential roles in preventing prostate cancer in high-risk patients (rofecoxib) or the recurrence of bladder cancer (celecoxib). Agents such as exisulind, which is a selective apoptotic antineoplastic drug, are also under investigation. CONCLUSION: COX-2 inhibitors are promising agents for the chemoprevention of prostate cancer but further research is needed.
PURPOSE: There is increasing evidence that using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs decreases the incidence of clinically apparent prostate cancer. We review the potential mechanisms of cancer reduction with cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors and the clinical evidence suggesting their effectiveness. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature review using MEDLINE was conducted of animal, observational, and clinical studies of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in cancer, specifically prostate cancer. The Physician Data Query database was searched for current studies of COX-2 inhibitors for chemoprevention of prostate cancer. RESULTS: Research suggests that COX-2 inhibiting medications are determinants in lower cancer incidence rates. Other studies have suggested up-regulation of the COX-2 enzyme in prostate cancer compared with normal prostate tissue. Selective COX-2 inhibitors are currently under study to evaluate their potential roles in preventing prostate cancer in high-risk patients (rofecoxib) or the recurrence of bladder cancer (celecoxib). Agents such as exisulind, which is a selective apoptotic antineoplastic drug, are also under investigation. CONCLUSION:COX-2 inhibitors are promising agents for the chemoprevention of prostate cancer but further research is needed.
Authors: Aniruddha C Amrite; Surya P Ayalasomayajula; Narayan P S Cheruvu; Uday B Kompella Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2006-03 Impact factor: 4.799
Authors: Luiz Fernando Zerbini; Manoj K Bhasin; Jaira F de Vasconcellos; Juliano D Paccez; Xuesong Gu; Andrew L Kung; Towia A Libermann Journal: Mol Cancer Ther Date: 2014-05-01 Impact factor: 6.261
Authors: Rita Ghosh; Gretchen E Garcia; Katherine Crosby; Hiroyasu Inoue; Ian M Thompson; Dean A Troyer; Addanki P Kumar Journal: Neoplasia Date: 2007-11 Impact factor: 5.715