Combined intra-arterial chemotherapy followed by radiation in astrocytomas.

Seventy-five patients harboring astrocytomas received 4 cycles of infra-ophthalmic carotid injections of BCNU, combined with vincristine intravenously and procarbazine orally. All of the patients thereafter, received radiation therapy. The five year survival was 73% for all patients. The age of the patients had no significant impact on survival. The treatment results were compared with the results of 57 patients with astrocytomas who were treated with surgery followed by radiation in the same period. These 57 patients had a 5 year survival of 45% with a five year survival in patients < or = 40 years and patients > 40 years of 70% and 22%, respectively (p < 0.05). In multivariate survival analysis of the BCNU group and radiation group together, treatment group and corticosteroid dependency were the only prognostic factors. No leukoencephalopathy was seen during the treatment or in the follow-up of the patients. We conclude that pre-radiation intra-arterial chemotherapy can be given without significant morbidity and produces an improvement in survival in patients older than 40 years.