Current applications of flow cytometry in the diagnosis of primary immunodeficiency diseases.

CONTEXT: To review the applications of flow cytometry in the diagnosis and management of primary immunodeficiency disease. DATA SOURCES: Articles describing the use of flow cytometry in the diagnosis of several primary immunodeficiency diseases were obtained through the National Library of Medicine database. STUDY SELECTION: Publications that described novel and known applications of flow cytometry in primary immunodeficiency disease were selected. Review articles were included. Articles describing the different immunodeficiency diseases and methods of diagnosis were also selected. DATA EXTRACTION: Approximately 100 data sources were analyzed, and those with the most relevant information were selected. DATA SYNTHESIS: The diagnosis of many primary immunodeficiency diseases requires the use of several laboratory tests. Flow cytometry has become an important part of the workup of individuals suspected to have such a disorder. Knowledge of the pathogenesis of many of these diseases continues to increase, hence we acquire a better understanding of the laboratory tests that may be helpful in diagnosis.
CONCLUSIONS: Flow cytometry is applicable in the initial workup and subsequent management of several primary immunodeficiency diseases. As our understanding of the pathogenesis and management of these diseases increases, the use of many of these assays may become routine in hospitals.