Profiles of infertility in southern Nigeria: women's voices from Amakiri.

This paper advances understanding of the consequences of female infertility in sub-Saharan Africa on the individual level. It illustrates how local meanings of infertility are shaped by the social and cultural context and how they influence the life experiences and coping behaviours of infertile women in an Ijo community in the Niger Delta. Infertility in Amakiri is a stigma. Barren women cannot attain full womanhood and join appropriate age associations since they cannot be circumcised without having given birth. Uncircumcised women cannot be burried within the town, rather, their corpses are buried in a designated forest. The paper is based on over twenty years of ethnographic field work, a complete census of one of the town's quarters to estimate the level of infertility and on the life histories of infertile women. The life histories are used to illustrate how women of various ages, educational levels and occupations cope with their common experience of infertility.