Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage after allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation: treatment with recombinant factor VIIa.

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is a serious pulmonary complication that occurs in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT). Current management strategies are limited to corticosteroids, platelet transfusions, and mechanical ventilator support to treat acute respiratory failure. Recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) is an approved agent for the treatment of bleeding in patients with hemophilia A or B and the presence of inhibitors. We report a case of DAH after allogeneic HSCT that failed standard therapy and was then successfully treated with rFVIIa.