Characterization of contact dermatitis and atopy using bioengineering techniques. A survey.

Bioengineering techniques useful in the characterization of contact dermatitis and atopy are surveyed, including non-invasive techniques for the measurement of skin colour, blood flow, skin surface temperature, skin surface contour, water barrier, and skin surface hydration. Ultrasound measurement of skin thickness and edema formation, and ultrasound cross-sectional imaging are also included. Structural and pathophysiological findings in the different types of dermatitis are outlined. Weal or hive formation is covered additionally.